*** WHAT'S COVERED *** 1. The formation of ions * How atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a stable, full outer shell. * Using equations to show the formation of positive and negative ions. 2. Ionic bonding explained * The transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a non-metal atom. * How oppositely charged ions are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction. 3. Dot and cross diagrams * A visual method for representing ionic bonding. * The key features of drawing these diagrams, including brackets and charges. * How to draw diagrams showing only the outermost electron shells. 4. Worked example: Magnesium Chloride * Step-by-step process for drawing the dot and cross diagram for the formation of magnesium chloride. * How to represent a compound involving more than two atoms.

chemistry metals elements atoms electrons bonding ions Charge SNC2D grade 10 science non-metals ionic compound